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Reading skills

The 4 reading skills every parent should know

Decades of research — known as the Science of Reading — point to four strands that braid together into a strong reader. Here's what each one is, and what you can do at home this week.

Phonics

How letters become sounds, and sounds become words. The foundation of decoding.

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Fluency

Reading smoothly, accurately, and with expression — so the brain is free to think about meaning.

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Vocabulary

The words your child owns. The bigger the bank, the more they understand.

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Comprehension

Making meaning from what was read — the whole point of reading.

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